Final answer:
The hormone responsible for increasing the use of fats and amino acids to stimulate glucose production by the liver is glucagon. Glucagon promotes glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis, raising blood sugar levels. Growth hormone also affects glucose production but is primarily involved in protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hormone that increases the use of fats and amino acids to stimulate glucose production by the liver is glucagon. Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas in response to low blood sugar levels.
It functions to raise blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to convert its stores of glycogen back into glucose, a process called glycogenolysis.
Furthermore, glucagon stimulates the liver to take up amino acids from the blood and convert them into glucose, a response known as gluconeogenesis.
It also promotes lipolysis, the breakdown of stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol.
Another hormone, the growth hormone (GH), has similar effects, including stimulation of triglyceride breakdown (lipolysis) and release into the blood by adipocytes, glycogen breakdown in the liver, and increased blood glucose levels.
However, its primary function relates to the rate of protein synthesis, especially in skeletal muscle and bones.