Final answer:
The era that an increased interest in science emerged is called the Enlightenment. Thinkers challenged religious authorities and embraced reason, mathematical logic, and scientific observation. Governments established schools and institutes to expand knowledge of the natural world.
Step-by-step explanation:
The era that an increased interest in science emerged is called the Enlightenment. During this time, thinkers challenged religious authorities and embraced reason, mathematical logic, and scientific observation. Governments established schools and institutes to expand knowledge of the natural world, leading to intellectual innovation and the spread of new technologies.