Final answer:
Interphase precedes cell division and includes three stages: G1, where the cell grows and prepares materials for DNA synthesis; S, where DNA replication occurs; and G2, where the cell finalizes preparations for division, including additional growth and protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Subphases of Interphase
The eukaryotic cell cycle is a crucial process that includes a phase called interphase. Interphase is subdivided into three main stages: G1 phase (First Gap), S phase (Synthesis), and G2 phase (Second Gap). During these stages, the cell prepares for division by undergoing growth, DNA replication, and final preparations.
G1 Phase
In the G1 phase, the cell grows and conducts normal metabolic processes. Protein synthesis necessary for DNA replication occurs, and some organelles are duplicated. The cell builds up its energy reserves and accumulates the building blocks of DNA and proteins.
S Phase
The S phase is characterized by DNA replication. During this phase, the cell's entire genomic DNA is duplicated, ensuring that each future daughter cell will receive an identical genetic code.
G2 Phase
During the G2 phase, the cell continues to grow and makes final preparations to divide. This includes synthesizing additional proteins and organelles and ensuring that DNA replication has been completed successfully.