Final answer:
The question deals with the challenges related to peaceful transitions in African countries post-colonial rule. It addresses resistance to power sharing, the role of economic stability in supporting democracy, and the factors that contribute to political transitions, with emphasis on the Arab Spring and the assertions of modernization theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question falls under the category of Social Studies at the College level. The transition from colonial rule to self-governance and peaceful transition in African nations has been varied, with some countries facing significant struggles in establishing stable, democratic governments. In discussing the peaceful transition of power and the challenges that accompany it, scholars like Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic highlight the potential resistance from established power structures to sharing authority, particularly in privileged positions of government and business. Instances of revolutions or cataclysmic changes, such as those seen in South Africa or more recently in Libya and Syria, underscore the complex nature of political transitions and the factors that fuel discontent, leading to conflicts. Modernization scholars like Adam Przeworski and Fernando Limongi argue that economic development plays a significant role in supporting stable democratic institutions post-transition. However, changes often emerge not from the poorest, but from the middle class whose expectations are not met by the current regime, as seen during events like the Arab Spring.