Final answer:
Emulsion systems enhance bulk polymerisation by controlling reaction temperature, reducing medium viscosity, and preventing coalescence. This control over the polymerization environment leads to consistent molecular weight distribution and stable polymer structures, benefiting the end material's properties.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emulsion systems can significantly aid bulk polymerisation by providing a medium in which the polymerization reaction can occur more effectively. In bulk polymerization, controlling the temperature is crucial since it can affect the molecular weight distribution of the resulting polymer. Emulsions can help manage this aspect because they can act as a heat sink, absorbing the heat released during the polymerization reaction, which helps maintain a consistent temperature.
Additionally, emulsions can reduce the viscosity of the reaction medium, allowing for better mixing and leading to a more uniform polymer product. The stabilization effect of emulsions is due to emulsifying agents that prevent the coalescence of the dispersed phase, which is important in maintaining the integrity of the system during the polymerization process. Such agents typically have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, which help keep dispersed particles from aggregating. This stabilization allows polymers to grow in a controlled manner and reduces the likelihood of premature termination of the polymer chains.
Furthermore, emulsion systems facilitate control over polymer crystallization by keeping ingredients dispersed, thus promoting a more consistent polymer structure. In bulk polymerization, emulsions can help to keep products stable, reduce stickiness, and aid in the dissolution of the polymers, which are key aspects of creating high-quality end materials with desired properties.