Final answer:
Canine Parvovirus is an example of an emerging virus that has shown significant impact on canine populations since its discovery in 1978. It highlights the challenge of controlling the spread of infectious diseases, which is exacerbated by modern modes of transportation. The issue underscores the importance of research and development in antivirals and vaccines for controlling such viral diseases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Canine Parvovirus as an Emerging Virus
The Canine Parvovirus is a modern example of an emerging virus, which refers to pathogens that have recently increased in incidence or impact. This virus is part of the Parvoviridae family and is a particularly contagious virus affecting dogs, often leading to severe gastrointestinal illness and, in some cases, death. The rapid spread of Canine Parvovirus since its first recognition in 1978 exemplifies how new viruses can emerge and become significant veterinary and public health concerns. Modern transportation, like air travel, contributes to the swift global dissemination of infectious agents, including various viruses.
Viruses, in general, are responsible for a wide array of diseases both in humans and animals. From the common cold caused by rhinoviruses to more serious illnesses such as HIV or Ebola, they can be quite adaptive and resistant to treatments, including antivirals and vaccines. Canine Parvovirus, while primarily affecting dogs, provides insight into the evolutionary dynamics of viruses and their capability to exploit host cellular mechanisms for their propagation, as it uses a dog's transferrin protein for cell attachment.
In the context of human health, viruses like human papillomavirus (HPV), Parvovirus B19, and Measles illustrate the variety of effects they can elicit, from relatively mild diseases to life-threatening conditions. The emergence of new viral diseases underscores the necessity for ongoing research, surveillance, and innovation in developing effective vaccines and antiviral therapies.