Final answer:
The oncogenic HPV genome is saved within the host's DNA, leading to cancer by expressing proteins that inhibit tumor suppressors like p53. HPV types 16 and 18 are most associated with cervical cancer, with the virus's stability in the host genome playing a role in its oncogenic potential.
Step-by-step explanation:
The oncogenic HPV genome is conserved within the host cell's DNA. HPV, or human papillomavirus, is known for its association with various types of cancer, particularly cervical cancer.
Most notably, HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for a large percentage of cervical cancers. The virus expresses E6 and E7 proteins which inactivate tumor suppressor proteins such as p53, leading to unregulated cell division and potential cancer development.
HPV is a non-enveloped virus with a circular double-stranded DNA genome that, upon infection, incorporates into the host's genome. As a result, HPV can disrupt normal cell functions by binding to and inhibiting p53, preventing cell cycle checkpoints from activating.
This leads to continuous cell growth and an accumulation of genetic mutations which can progress to cancer. The mechanism by which E6 protein from HPV binds to and inhibits p53 is key in understanding the oncogenic nature of the virus.
It is also important to note not all HPV types cause visible symptoms such as genital warts. Therefore, the presence of warts is not a reliable indicator for HPV infection. Moreover, the HPV genome has been found to be quite stable within host genomes, which may contribute to its ability to cause long-term health issues such as cancer.