Final answer:
The Nipah virus is a modern example of an emerging virus that causes encephalitis in humans and pigs. It has a high fatality rate and can spread from person to person. Control measures and research are being carried out to combat this virus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Nipah virus is a modern example of an emerging virus. It was first identified in Malaysia in 1998, when it caused an outbreak of encephalitis in pigs and humans. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through contact with infected pigs, but it can also be spread from person to person.
One of the notable features of the Nipah virus is its high fatality rate, with reported cases having a mortality rate of up to 75%. There have been several outbreaks of Nipah virus in different countries, including Bangladesh and India.
To control the spread of Nipah virus, measures such as culling infected pigs, quarantine of affected areas, and public awareness campaigns are implemented. Research is ongoing to develop effective treatments and vaccines for this deadly virus.