Final answer:
The annual number of Hepatitis B infections varies, but vaccination efforts and hospital safety protocols have reduced risk significantly, particularly among health-care workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hepatitis B (HBV) is a viral infection that leads to inflammation of the liver. Transmission of HBV occurs through exposure to infectious blood or body fluids, and it can lead to chronic conditions, particularly in infants. Health-care workers are particularly at risk, but with the introduction of vaccinations and better protocols for dealing with infectious materials, the rates of infection have decreased.
Vaccination against HBV is part of the standard vaccination schedule, including a dose at birth and another by 18 months of age.
For adults, vaccination is recommended for those at higher risk, such as intravenous drug users and individuals with multiple sexual partners. Additionally, health-care agencies must offer HBV vaccines to workers with occupational exposure to potentially infectious materials.
HBV is not spread through casual contact and preventive measures can greatly reduce the risk of transmission. It is important for health-care facilities to follow proper safety protocols, including wearing protective gear and sterilizing equipment.