Final answer:
Homo sapiens encountered and interacted with other hominid species like Neanderthals during their migrations, eventually becoming the dominant and sole surviving human species.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Homo sapiens began their global migrations out of Africa roughly 200,000 years ago, they encountered several different hominid species. Among these were the Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis), who had settled in Europe and parts of the Middle East. Homo sapiens eventually made their way across the globe, reaching Australia by 60,000 years ago and Europe and Asia by around 45,000 years ago, where they became the dominant human type. Interactions with other hominid species varied, with evidence of both interbreeding and competition. Over time, Homo sapiens proved adaptable and capable, with their sophisticated tool-making skills and cultural developments, becoming the sole surviving human species.