Final answer:
Homo sapiens arrived in Australia around 60,000 years ago, with evidence of settlements dating to at least 45,000 years ago. These humans spread from Africa roughly 200,000 years ago, completing their global migration by about 40,000 years ago except for the Americas, where they arrived around 10,000 years ago.
Step-by-step explanation:
Homo sapiens first arrived in Australia around 60,000 years ago, and there is evidence of settlements that are at least 45,000 years old. These early humans, known as "anatomically modern H. sapiens", were similar in body to present-day humans but hadn't yet developed the complex culture and technologies of later societies. As they migrated out of Africa, where they arose about 200,000 years ago, they spread across Asia and Europe, showcasing notable cultural diversification and eventually becoming the dominant hominin species. Their global emigration was complete by about 40,000 years ago, except for the Americas, where they settled around 10,000 years ago.