Final answer:
Orbital locations that transmit linear polarities allow the passage of an EM wave's electric field component parallel to the polarization axis of a polarizing filter, while blocking the perpendicular component. Polarization of light is manipulated by passing it through filters with specific angular orientations to the wave's initial polarization direction. The VSEPR theory and optical activity are related topics that provide insight into the behavior and properties of polarized light.
Step-by-step explanation:
The orbital locations that transmit linear polarities are those that align with the electric field of an electromagnetic (EM) wave in such a way that they pass through a polarizing filter. According to the provided reference material, polarizing filters have a polarization axis that acts as a slit, which allows EM waves with an electric field parallel to this axis to pass through. Long molecules aligned perpendicular to the polarization axis serve to block the component of the EM wave that is parallel to these molecules, while the perpendicular component passes through. This principle is used to create polarized light, such as in Figure 27.38, where vertical slits pass vertically polarized waves and block horizontally polarized waves.
Rotation of the polarization axis is exemplified in a problem where a beam of linearly polarized light is subjected to two sheets with transmission axes set at various angles. The composition of this light changes as it passes through polarizing filters with differing orientations. The atomic explanation provided relates to the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory, which is more about the 3D geometries of molecules rather than the polarization of light directly. And finally, optical activity is discussed in terms of light consisting of left-handed and right-handed circular polarization, each chiral and non-superimposable on its inverse — relevant to how plane polarized light is created when ordinary light passes through a polarizer.