Final answer:
To solve homogeneous equilibrium problems, one must set up an ICE table, write the equilibrium expression, substitute the ICE table values to solve for 'x,' calculate final concentrations, and verify by checking the Kc.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the solutions of homogeneous equilibrium problems, we utilize the ICE method (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) along with the reaction's equilibrium constant (Kc). Here's a step-by-step approach:
Step 1: Set Up the ICE Table
Firstly, construct an ICE table using the initial concentrations of the reactants and the known equilibrium concentration of the product(s). Represent the unknown changes in concentration of reactants and products with 'x'. Then, lay out the equilibrium concentrations in terms of 'x' for all species.
Step 2: Write the Equilibrium Equation and Substitute Values
Write down the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and derive the equilibrium constant expression (Kc). Then, substitute the terms from the ICE table related to equilibrium concentrations into the Kc expression to solve for ‘x’.
Step 3: Calculate Final Concentrations and Verify
Once you've solved for 'x', calculate the final concentrations of each reactant and product by applying the values of 'x' to the change row of the ICE table. Finally, verify your results by substituting these equilibrium concentrations back into the Kc expression to ensure it equals the supplied Kc value.
Applying this method to a reaction such as HCN(aq) dissociating into H+(aq) and CN-(aq), the ICE table would reflect the stoichiometry and the use of 'x' for the change in concentration of H+ and CN- upon reaching equilibrium.