Final answer:
When 42.5 g of water freezes, 14.1925 kJ of energy is released, calculated using the latent heat of fusion for water, which is 334 J/g.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the energy released when 42.5 g of water freezes, we need to use the latent heat of fusion for water, which is the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of water at 0°C to 1 gram of ice at 0°C. This value is 334 J/g. Therefore, the total energy released can be calculated by multiplying the mass of the water by the latent heat of fusion.
The calculation is as follows: Energy released = mass × latent heat of fusion = 42.5 g × 334 J/g = 14192.5 J or 14.1925 kJ.
Thus, when 42.5 g of water freezes, 14.1925 kJ of energy is released.