Final answer:
The correct answer is grounded theory. Grounded theory is a qualitative research orientation that extracts a theory from the data that emerges from an area of inquiry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is c. grounded theory.
Grounded theory is a qualitative research orientation that seeks to extract a theory from whatever emerges from an area of inquiry. It involves collecting and analyzing data to develop concepts, categories, and theories that are grounded in the data itself, rather than starting with a pre-existing theory or hypothesis.
For example, in a grounded theory study on the experiences of cancer survivors, researchers may conduct interviews with survivors, analyze the interview transcripts, and identify patterns and themes that emerge from the data. These patterns and themes can then be used to develop a theory about the experiences of cancer survivors.