Final answer:
The design and construction of the hardware of a particular computer is referred to as its design architecture, a critical process involving shaping and dimensioning components, fabrication processes, and detailed schematics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The design and construction of the hardware of a particular computer is its design architecture. This involves a comprehensive process that includes not just the shapes and dimension of all physical components, which are crucial for the correct assembly and function of the computer, but also decisions regarding whether these components will be outsourced or manufactured internally. If produced internally, careful selection of materials and fabrication processes is necessary.
Moreover, a detailed design will encompass schematic diagrams of electrical subsystems and even the computer code for any embedded systems. The adult part of the computer's microelectronics is considered, as these are the extremely small components that comprise the electronic systems within the hardware. Once the design is adequately detailed, prototyping can commence, which brings the design closer to a tangible product ready for manufacturing and eventually, use by consumers. Thus, the design architecture is fundamental as it bridges the gap between a computer's functionality and its physical existence.