Final answer:
Placing a dialysis bag filled with salt into distilled water results in the bag filling with water due to osmosis, and is a type of passive transport. The water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration, increasing the solution volume inside the bag.
Step-by-step explanation:
Placing a dialysis bag filled with salt into a beaker of distilled water results in a process known as osmosis. This process involves the movement of water from an area of low solute concentration (distilled water) to an area of higher solute concentration (salt solution inside the dialysis bag) through a semi-permeable membrane. As a result, the bag will start to fill with water, leading to an increase in the volume of the solution inside the bag.
If we relate this scenario to the provided information, when a dialysis-tubing bag containing a mixture of lactose and fructose is submerged in distilled water, the fructose, which is small enough to pass through the pores of the dialysis tubing, moves into the distilled water.
This indicates that the dialysis tubing is selectively permeable and allows some molecules to pass while restricting others. Similarly, in the case of the saline solution, water will enter the dialysis bag, but the salt, due to its larger size or the nature of the dialysis tubing, may not pass out of the bag.
It is essential to note that this is an example of osmosis, which is a type of passive transport, and does not require energy. Therefore, option 'd' suggesting active transport of salt would not occur in this scenario, as active transport requires energy and is typically used for movement against the concentration gradient. In contrast, osmosis occurs spontaneously due to the concentration gradient.