Final answer:
Blood glucose levels are maintained between meals through hormonal regulation or homeostatic control by insulin and glucagon, which balance blood glucose concentration within a normal range.
Step-by-step explanation:
The blood glucose levels are regulated between meals by the activation and inactivation of enzymes, and this is achieved by the process of hormonal regulation/homeostatic control.
This regulation works primarily through the action of two hormones, insulin and glucagon. When blood glucose levels are high, insulin is released by the pancreas, which stimulates glucose uptake by cells and promotes glucose storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is released, prompting the liver to convert glycogen back into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream to maintain glucose levels within a normal range.
Additional regulation is provided by thyroid hormones, although insulin and glucagon play the primary roles in glucose homeostasis. The fine-tuned balance controlled by these hormones ensures that blood glucose concentration remains between approximately 70 mg/dL and 110 mg/dL, which is critical for proper cellular function and overall health.