Final answer:
In negative feedback, internal physiological environment is regulated by antagonistic feedback mechanisms which help in maintaining homeostasis. Negative feedback loops oppose the initial change, promoting stability, and are essential in both animals and plants.
Step-by-step explanation:
In negative feedback, aspects of the internal physiological environment are regulated by antagonistic feedback mechanisms. An example of this is the regulation of body temperature, where the body works to cool down when it becomes too hot, and to warm up when it becomes too cold. This process ensures that the body maintains homeostasis, the stable and balanced internal state necessary for healthy functioning.
Negative feedback mechanisms are more common than positive feedback mechanisms in the body because they promote stability rather than changes that could push the organism further from equilibrium. The nervous and endocrine systems are primarily responsible for controlling these feedback mechanisms in mammals, including humans. Any alterations to these feedback systems can lead to detrimental consequences to an organism's health.
Plants also utilize negative and positive feedback mechanisms to maintain internal stability and respond to external environmental changes. Therefore, negative feedback is essential in both animals and plants for maintaining homeostasis.