Final answer:
To find the concentration of the H2SO4 solution, we use the volume and molarity of the KOH solution to determine the moles of KOH that reacted, which allows us to calculate the moles of H2SO4. We then divide the moles of H2SO4 by the volume of the H2SO4 solution to get the molarity, yielding a concentration of 0.1 M for the H2SO4 solution.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution, we first write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄):
KOH + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O
Since the reaction ratio between KOH and H₂SO₄ is 2:1, we can use the volume and molarity of the KOH solution to find the moles of KOH that reacted:
0.05 L KOH * 0.5 M KOH = 0.025 moles KOH
Since it takes 2 moles of KOH to neutralize 1 mole of H₂SO₄, the moles of H₂SO₄ neutralized is half the moles of KOH:
0.025 moles KOH / 2 = 0.0125 moles H₂SO₄
To find the molarity of the sulfuric acid solution:
molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution
The volume of the sulfuric acid solution is 125 mL, or 0.125 L. Therefore, the molarity (M) of the H₂SO₄ solution is:
0.0125 moles H₂SO₄ / 0.125 L = 0.1 M H₂SO₄
Hence, the concentration of the H₂SO₄ solution is 0.1 M.