Final answer:
Robert Katz identified technical, human, and conceptual skills as the three fundamental management skills, with political skills added later. Aspiring managers should develop these skills to work effectively and take initiative in problem-solving.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four essential management skills as proposed by Robert Katz are technical skills, human skills, conceptual skills, and later added, political skills. These skills are critical for effective management and leadership in organizations. Technical skills involve understanding and proficiency in a specific type of activity, particularly one involving methods, processes, procedures, or techniques. Human skills refer to the ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups. Conceptual skills involve the ability to comprehend complex situations and develop solutions, often involving abstract thinking and planning for the future. The later addition, political skills, pertain to the ability to navigate the social landscape of an organization, build alliances, and leverage influence.
It's important for aspiring managers to continually develop these skills to remain effective and competitive in the workplace. Managers should also exercise initiative and be proactive in identifying and solving problems, thereby minimizing the need for supervision and contributing positively to their organization's mission.