Final answer:
The individuals of a species living within a specific area are called a population. Populations combine to form a community, and communities make up an ecosystem. The biosphere is the collection of all ecosystems on Earth.The correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
All the individuals of a species living within a specific area are collectively called a population. For example, a forest may include many pine trees. All of these pine trees represent the population of pine trees in this forest. Different populations may live in the same specific area.
For example, the forest with the pine trees includes populations of flowering plants and also insects and microbial populations.
A community is the sum of populations inhabiting a particular area. For instance, all of the trees, flowers, insects, and other populations in a forest form the forest's community.
The forest itself is an ecosystem. An ecosystem consists of all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, non-living parts of that environment such as nitrogen in the soil or rain water.
At the highest level of organization, the biosphere is the collection of all ecosystems, and it represents the zones of life on Earth. It includes land, water, and the atmosphere.The correct option is D.