Final answer:
Primary production in biology is the process by which photoautotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis. This energy is then transferred to other organisms in the ecosystem.
Step-by-step explanation:
Primary production in biology refers to the process by which photoautotrophs, such as plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria, convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
This energy is then used by these primary producers and is transferred to other organisms in the ecosystem through the food chain. Gross primary productivity is the total rate at which primary producers incorporate energy from the sun, while net primary productivity is the energy that remains after accounting for the producers' own growth and reproduction.