Final answer:
The rates of transcription and translation are 800 nt/sec and 45 amino acids/sec respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rates of transcription and translation refer to the speed at which these processes occur in the cell. Transcription is the process of creating mRNA from DNA, and translation is the process of synthesizing a protein from mRNA.
The correct rates of transcription and translation are option C: 800 nt/sec for transcription and 45 amino acids/sec for translation.
During transcription, RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand and synthesizes mRNA at a rate of 800 nucleotides per second. In translation, ribosomes read the mRNA codons and add amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain at a rate of 45 amino acids per second.