Final answer:
The false statement is C, as the roles of MutS and MutL in bacterial mismatch repair are not completely different from their homologous counterparts in eukaryotic MSH proteins; rather, their core functions in fixing DNA mismatches are conserved. The correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is FALSE is C. The statement 'Roles of MutS and MutL are completely different between bacterial and MSH eukaryotic proteins' is not accurate.
While there are differences between the bacterial and eukaryotic systems in mismatch repair, the core functions of homologous proteins such as MutS and MutL in bacteria, and Msh2/Msh6 and Msh2/Msh3 complexes in eukaryotes are conserved.
These proteins are part of the mismatch repair pathway that corrects errors that were not caught by the proofreading activity of DNA polymerase during DNA replication.
In bacteria like E. coli, the MutS protein identifies the mismatch and MutL participates in the repair process. The eukaryotic homologs Msh2/Msh6 and Msh2/Msh3 have similar roles in recognizing and initiating repair of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops.
Statement A accurately describes the function of Msh2/Msh6 in binding single base mismatches and the subsequent repair by other proteins.
Statement B is correct in stating that the MSH repair system in yeast is homologous to the E. coli MutS/L system, and statement D correctly describes the function of the Msh2/Msh3 complex in binding DNA loops resulting from replication slippage. The correct option is C.