Final answer:
DNA replication requires a single-stranded DNA template, nucleotide substrates, and enzymes or proteins. DNA polymerase is a key enzyme involved in the process.
Step-by-step explanation:
DNA replication requires several essential components: a single-stranded DNA template, nucleotide substrates for the synthesis of the new polynucleotide strand, and enzymes or proteins associated with replication to assemble the nucleotide substrates into a new DNA molecule. One of the key enzymes involved in DNA replication is DNA polymerase, which adds individual nucleotides to the growing DNA chain. The addition of nucleotides requires energy, which is obtained from nucleotide triphosphates.