Final answer:
Soluble molecules activate liver cells to produce antibodies and direct leukocytes to the site of inflammation. Chemical signals like cytokines enhance the inflammatory response, resulting in increased blood flow and leukocytes migration to the infected area, where phagocytic cells engulf and digest pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
Soluble molecules activate cells, such as liver cells, to make antibodies, to aid in the clearance of the pathogen and these molecules also direct leukocytes to the site of inflammation.
Inflammation is a complex biological response to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It involves the activation of immune cells, the release of cytokines, and the recruitment of leukocytes to the inflamed area. Chemical signals like cytokines, which are released by injured or infected cells, encourage increased permeability of capillaries and the influx of leukocytes and serum to the affected area.
Phagocytosis and Inflammation
The inflammatory response is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain resulting from the movement of leukocytes through capillaries to the site of infection. Macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils are types of phagocytic leukocytes that engulf pathogens. While neutrophils are the most abundant and among the first responders, macrophages play a key role in cleaning up the site of infection, removing dead cells and foreign matter.