Final answer:
C5a is more stable and potent compared to C3a, with significant inflammatory activity and a crucial role in the complement system by attracting and activating immune cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Out of C5a and C3a, C5a is the more stable and thus more potent fragment in terms of inducing an inflammatory response. The C5 convertase splits C5 into C5a and C5b. C5a is a potent anaphylatoxin, which means it has significant inflammatory activity, attracting immune system cells to the site of infection and activating them. On the other hand, C3a is also involved in the immune response, but to a lesser extent compared to C5a.
Its main role is to recruit phagocytes. Both C5a and C3a are part of the complement system, which is a component of the immune system that enhances the ability to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.