Final answer:
NK Cells have two primary effector functions: killing infected or tumor cells and secreting cytokines like interferons to signal other immune cells. This makes the statement true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'NK Cells have two effector functions' is true. Natural killer (NK) cells indeed have two primary effector functions.
First, they have the capability to directly kill infected or tumor cells without the need for prior sensitization. This is achieved through the release of granules containing perforin and granzymes after the NK cell detects such a cell, leading to the target cell's programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
Secondly, NK cells have the ability to secrete cytokines, such as interferons, which play a role in signaling to other immune cells like B cells to multiply and mature into antibody-producing plasma cells.
These functions highlight the critical role of NK cells in the innate immune response, patrolling the body to control infections and prevent cancer progression.