Final answer:
The incorrect statement about M-cells is that option b: 'M stands for myefold'. In fact, 'M' stands for 'microfold'. M-cells are critical for immune surveillance in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding the question on M-cells, the incorrect statement is b. M stands for myefold. M-cells, or microfold cells, are specialized epithelial cells that facilitate the transport of pathogens from the intestinal lumen to immune cells via a process called transcytosis. This allows the immune system to detect potential threats and initiate an immune response accordingly.
These cells are indeed associated with gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) as stated in option c. M-cells are characterized by a lack of destructive enzymes, defensins, and mucus secretions, allowing them to sample antigens without destroying them before they reach immune cells, making option d. accurate. Therefore, the statement 'M stands for myefold' is the incorrect one since 'M' stands for 'microfold'.