Final answer:
The raw materials used to assemble the new DNA strand are known as nucleotides. DNA polymerase enzyme attaches these nucleotides to the existing DNA strands, resulting in the duplication of genetic information.
Step-by-step explanation:
The raw materials used to assemble the new DNA strand are known as nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. These nucleotides are attached to the existing DNA strands by an enzyme called DNA polymerase through the formation of ester bonds. This process allows for the production of new DNA strands that are complementary to the original strands, resulting in the duplication of the genetic information.