Final answer:
The glomerulus is the structure that composes the renal corpuscle and is surrounded by the Bowman capsule.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure that composes the renal corpuscle and is surrounded by a Bowman capsule is the glomerulus. The renal corpuscle is found within the renal cortex and has two main components: the glomerulus — a tangled network of capillaries where blood is filtered — and the Bowman's capsule — which is a cup-shaped structure that encases the glomerulus and collects the filtrate generated by the filtering process. This complex initiates the process of urine formation in the nephron, with the filtrate then passing into the renal tubule where further processing occurs.