Final answer:
In a refrigerated urine sample, one common artifact that can occur is the formation of d. crystals due to decreased solubility of compounds at lower temperatures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question regarding refrigerated urine samples pertains to artifacts that can occur when urine is stored at low temperatures.
One specific artifact that may occur in a refrigerated urine sample is d. Crystal formations. Cooling can lead to the formation of crystals due to the decreased solubility of various compounds at lower temperatures, particularly when the urine is concentrated.
This is of clinical importance because such crystals, if formed within the body, can lead to kidney stones. The kidney stones are a result of crystal accretion, becoming large enough to obstruct the urinary system and potentially cause pain or other complications.