Final answer:
A management tactic used to try to end a stalemate with a union is a lockout, where the workplace is closed to force a resolution. This is not to be confused with union tactics like strikes, picketing, or boycotts. Lockouts were historically used in response to increased labor activism and strikes in various industries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The management tactic designed to try to end a stalemate with a union is known as a lockout. A lockout is when management closes the workplace to workers and will not allow them to work until a new contract or agreement is reached, essentially putting pressure on the union by halting their ability to work and earn wages. This contrasts with a strike, where the workers themselves stop working in an effort to put pressure on the management.
Collective bargaining and striking have been commonly used strategies by labor unions to leverage their collective power to negotiate better terms for workers' employment. Strikes were especially notable during the post-World War II era when there was an uptick in labor activism, driven by the desire for better working conditions and fair pay. However, in response to a strike, industries have sometimes used lockouts as a countering tactic to pressure the union to come to terms more favorable to the company.
During the Industrial Revolution and later years, the relationship between labor and management was tumultuous, often characterized by strikes and other forms of protest such as the sit-down strike by the United Auto Workers against General Motors. After World War II, with strikes on the rise again in sectors such as steel, management saw the need for tactics like lockouts to manage labor disputes.