Final answer:
The first wave of non-manufacturing outsourcing in the U.S. primarily affected white-collar jobs in the service industry, including clerical and support positions.
Step-by-step explanation:
For the United States, the first wave of non-manufacturing outsourcing primarily affected white-collar jobs. These are jobs often related to clerical, managerial, or administrative work. The trend began with the outsourcing of manufacturing jobs due to the high costs of domestic labor, but over time it expanded to include service industries, such as customer service and technical support. Globalization, along with trade agreements like NAFTA, has enabled companies to offshore operations to countries with cheaper labor markets. As a result, many clerical and support positions within the white-collar sector have been outsourced to places like India and Canada, exacerbating unemployment in some sectors in the U.S. and reshaping the domestic job landscape.