Final answer:
Valley glaciers are most likely to carve out features such as horns, cirques, and aretes, due to their ability to flow down valleys and powerfully erode the rock, forming characteristic mountainous features like U-shaped valleys.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of glacier most likely to carve features such as horns, cirques, and aretes is b) Valley glaciers. A valley glacier is a glacier that begins at a cirque at the head of a valley head or in a plateau ice cap and flows downward between the walls of a valley. This type of glacier is known for its erosive power, which results in the formation of U-shaped valleys and other characteristic mountainous features. The process of erosion by valley glaciers leads to the creation of these sharp and distinct geologic formations.
Ice sheets are much larger and can cover entire continents, but do not create the same sharp features due to their more uniform movement. Piedmont glaciers are found at the base of mountains and spread out onto the plains, while hanging glaciers are remnants of larger glaciations, often found on steep slopes, but are too small to carve out major landforms.
Landforms like horns and cirques are a testament to the prowess of valley glaciers as agents of alpine glaciation, which sculpt and shape the high mountain terrain into dramatic landscapes.