Final answer:
During adolescence, the importance of cliques and peer groups increases as they help shape identity, ethics, and self-esteem, and with social media, these influences can extend globally.
Step-by-step explanation:
Over the course of adolescence, membership in cliques often becomes more significant as adolescents seek to establish their identity and independence from their parents. During this time, peer groups provide important opportunities for socialization, which is different from family interactions. Cliques and peer groups can strongly influence an adolescent's values, ethics, and self-esteem. The shared interests and social status within these groups create an environment where adolescents can further develop their sense of identity and belonging. Additionally, with the rise of social media, adolescents are now able to form connections not just locally, but globally, choosing peers based on shared interests and values, which can reinforce existing beliefs and social norms, creating so-called "echo chambers."