Final answer:
Dependence on a chemical substance refers to the compulsive use of the substance despite negative consequences. This is known as addiction and may involve both physical and psychological dependence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dependence on a chemical substance refers to the compulsive and overwhelming use of the substance despite negative consequences. This is known as addiction. It may involve both physical dependence, which results in withdrawal symptoms when the substance is stopped, and psychological dependence, which is an emotional need for the substance to relieve distress. Examples of chemical substances that can lead to addiction include drugs like alcohol, opioids, stimulants, and nicotine.