Final answer:
Temperature is strongly affected by maritime effect in coastal regions, where oceans regulate climate and cause milder conditions. The IPCC predicts global warming, which impacts species distribution and ecosystems. Ocean currents and the ability of water to store heat are crucial to these climate effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Areas with a strong maritime effect exhibit milder climates with smaller temperature variations, both daily and seasonally, due to the ocean's capacity to absorb and store heat. Ocean currents act as conveyor belts, transferring heat across vast distances, which moderates coastal temperatures compared to interiors of continents. This is evident in the more temperate climates of coastal Europe versus the more extreme temperatures experienced in interior Europe.
Climate change exacerbates these conditions, resulting in shifts in species distributions and precipitation patterns, which are significant for both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. The ocean and ice serve as substantial thermal regulators, slowing down the rate of global heating. Predictions by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) anticipate global mean temperature increases, necessitating the monitoring of marine ecosystems and species distributions.