Final answer:
The Medieval Climate Anomaly or Medieval Warm Period was a period from 900 to 1300 AD when temperatures were slightly higher than usual, aiding the Vikings to colonize Greenland and advancing agriculture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Medieval Climate Anomaly, also known as the Medieval Warm Period, occurred between 900 and 1300 AD and was a time of relatively warmer conditions in many parts of the world, particularly in the North Atlantic region. This period saw temperature increases ranging from 0.10°C to 0.20°C above the average. One major consequence was that it allowed the Vikings to colonize Greenland due to reduced sea ice. Apart from facilitating Norse exploration, the Medieval Warm Period also brought about advances in agriculture and a more temperate climate that generally benefitted the societies of that era.