Final answer:
An air mass that is cold, dry, and stable is typically referred to as Continental Polar (cP) in meteorology, with the Köppen climate type closest to this classification being Dfc (Subarctic).
Step-by-step explanation:
The letters for an air mass that is cold, dry, and stable would typically be referred to as Continental Polar (cP) in meteorology. This terminology is part of the Köppen climate classification system, which is a widely used method to categorize various types of climates based on certain criteria such as temperature and moisture levels. The cP air masses form over land in high latitude regions and are characterized by low humidity and temperature. In the given list, the Köppen climate type that would most closely resemble a cold, dry, and stable air mass pure classification might be Dfc (Subarctic), although the exact classification depends on specific regional conditions.