Final answer:
The initial long shot that orients the viewer in space and introduces the setting is called the establishing shot.
Step-by-step explanation:
The initial long shot that orients the viewer in space and introduces the setting is called the establishing shot. It is a common technique used in film and photography to provide the viewer with a sense of the location and context of the scene.
The establishing shot typically shows the entire setting from a distance, allowing the viewer to understand the spatial relationships between different elements in the scene. For example, in a movie set in a city, the establishing shot might show a wide-angle view of the city skyline.