Final answer:
During the Crusades, important events included the capture of Jerusalem, the establishment of Crusader States, the expansion of kingdoms, and the shift of focus towards nation-building.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Crusades were a series of religious conflicts that took place from 1096 to 1291. Several important things happened during this time period:
- The First Crusade resulted in the capture of Jerusalem by the Christian crusaders in 1099. This was the only Crusade that achieved its objective.
- The crusading armies established the four Crusader States - the County of Edessa, the Principality of Antioch, the County of Tripoli, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
- The Crusades led to the establishment of bitter hatred between Christians and Muslims and the expansion of kingdoms in Europe. Traders also profited economically from the land.
- Powerful Islamic kingdoms in the Middle East, like the Mamluks and the Ottoman Turks, made the control of Jerusalem impractical, and the focus shifted to nation-building and political conflicts.