Final Answer:
The process described is known as cogeneration, where capturing heat lost from steam or hot water to produce electricity increases system efficiency to 80-90%.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cogeneration, also known as combined heat and power (CHP), is a highly efficient method of energy utilization. In traditional power generation, a significant amount of heat is lost during the production of electricity. However, in cogeneration systems, this waste heat is captured and repurposed, typically to produce steam or hot water, which can then be used for various applications.
The efficiency of a power generation system is measured by the ratio of useful energy output to the total energy input. In conventional power plants, this ratio is often lower, typically around 30-40%, as a substantial portion of the energy is lost as heat. In cogeneration systems, the additional use of the captured heat significantly improves efficiency.
By simultaneously producing electricity and utilizing the captured heat, the overall efficiency can reach 80-90%. This represents a substantial increase in energy utilization, reducing both fuel consumption and environmental impact.
The environmental benefits of cogeneration are noteworthy, as it maximizes the use of energy resources and minimizes waste. This method contributes to sustainability goals by enhancing overall efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with traditional energy production. Implementing cogeneration systems is an effective strategy for industries and facilities seeking to optimize energy usage and reduce their ecological footprint.