Final answer:
iRobot's expansion into the household cleaning market with floor-cleaning robots, after initially focusing on military robots, is an example of diversification, a strategy where a company introduces a new product into a new market.
Step-by-step explanation:
The company iRobot transitioning from developing high-tech military robots to creating robots for household cleaning represents a strategic move known as diversification. Diversification occurs when a company enters a new market with new products or services, which in the case of iRobot involved shifting from military applications to the consumer home cleaning market, thus broadening their product range and entering into new market space. This is distinct from market penetration, where a company seeks a larger share of an existing market; from market development, where a company expands into new markets with its current product lines; or from opportunity cost, which refers to the potential benefits lost when choosing one alternative over another.