Final answer:
Managers in modern businesses perform four main functions: planning, organizing, implementing, and budgeting, reflecting how every aspect of society serves a purpose under functionalism. These functions are key to efficiently dividing tasks across various job classifications within an organization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary work of all managers can be grouped into four functions: planning, organizing, implementing, and budgeting. These are essential in the context of modern businesses, where the division of labor is crucial to efficiency and effectiveness. The concept of functionalism relates to this, as it denotes that every aspect of society, including government and business, serves a particular function or purpose.
Functions of Managers: Planning involves setting goals and determining the best way to achieve them. Organizing refers to arranging resources and tasks to implement the plan effectively. Implementing, also known as directing, involves leading and motivating employees to work towards the organization's objectives. Budgeting encompasses overseeing financial planning, ensuring that the organization has the funds required for its operations and that it uses its resources economically.
Role of Functionalism in Business: According to functionalism, the government serves functions such as planning and directing society, meeting social needs, maintaining law and order, and managing international relations. Similarly, businesses divide tasks among various job classifications, ranging from chefs and servers in a restaurant to numerous roles in a large manufacturing factory or hospital, indicating the complex nature of job divisions and the necessity for managers to skillfully handle these functions.