Final answer:
The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream; these include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands. The pituitary gland is known as the master gland as it controls other glands. Other organs and tissues also contribute to endocrine functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Endocrine System Overview
The endocrine system is comprised of various glands that are pivotal for a wide range of bodily functions. The glands within this system produce and secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that regulate metabolism, growth, and sexual development, among other processes. The endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pineal gland, and pancreas, release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. From there, these hormones diffuse into the bloodstream and are transported to different tissues and organs, exerting their effects on cells with the appropriate receptors.
The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master gland because it produces hormones that control other endocrine glands, like the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and gonads. While the endocrine system includes major glands, there are also minor glands such as the pineal, thymus, and others that have important roles. Organs like the kidneys and the liver also have endocrine functions, secreting hormones that play a vital role in the body's normal functioning.