Final answer:
The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) of 2008 is the law that prohibits employment discrimination based on genetic information and is enforced by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 (GINA)
The federal law passed in 2008, that prohibits discrimination in employment based on genetic information, is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA). This act prohibits health insurers from denying coverage or increasing premiums based on an individual's genetic information. Moreover, it prohibits employers from using genetic information in decisions regarding hiring, firing, or promotion. GINA was designed to prevent discrimination, thereby allowing individuals to take advantage of genetic testing without fear of losing their health insurance or employment. It is important to note that GINA does not cover life, disability, or long-term care insurance.
The enforcement of these federal laws, specifically regarding job applicants, falls under the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.