Final answer:
Alfred Russel Wallace discovered two global patterns: species emergence in proximity to allied species and the distinct biodiversity between the Austral and Asian realms, which aligns with his and Weber's biogeographic lines.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two global patterns that Alfred Russel Wallace found involve biodiversity and the process of evolution through natural selection.
Wallace's observations led him to independently conceive the natural selection mechanism, similar to Charles Darwin. The first pattern he described is that species come into existence in close proximity both geographically and temporally to closely allied species, as stated in his Sarawak Law paper.
The second pattern, defined by Wallace's and Weber's Lines, delineates the biodiversity differences between the Austral realm and the Asian realm and explains biogeographic distribution.
Wallace's rigorous fieldwork in places like the Malay Archipelago informed these conclusions, which he shared with Darwin in a manuscript that confirmed Darwin's own evolutionary theory.