Final answer:
Robyn's correct answer of "Canberra" as the capital of Australia is an example of an explicit memory, specifically a semantic memory, which involves the conscious recall of facts and general knowledge.
Step-by-step explanation:
During a game of Trivial Pursuit, Robyn is asked for the capital of Australia. After thinking for a few moments she says, correctly, "Canberra." This is an example of a explicit memory.
Explicit memories are those we consciously try to remember, recall, and report. They can be divided into episodic memory and semantic memory. Semantic memory involves recalling facts and general knowledge about the world, such as knowing that the capital of Australia is Canberra. Episodic memory, on the other hand, is the recall of personal experiences and specific events in time. When Robyn recalled the capital of Australia, she was accessing her semantic memory.
In contrast, implicit memory refers to memories that we may not consciously be aware of but which affect our behavior and skills, such as riding a bike. Aging, brain trauma, and certain disorders can impact explicit and implicit memories in different ways, with explicit memory often being more susceptible to these factors.